Author Archives: Sevak

Introduction of Vraja Mandal

“Here I am now sitting in New York, the world’s greatest city, but my heart is always hankering after that Vrindavan. I shall be very happy to return to my Vrindavan, that sacred place.”

Srila Prabhupada (lilamrita)

Prabhupada

In Brahma-samhita, the transcendental land of Vrindavana is described as being always spiritual. That spiritual land is populated by thousands of goddesses of fortune, who are known as gopis. The trees of that land are kalpa-vrksa, wish-fulfilling trees, and one can have anything one wants from them. The land is made of touchstone and the water of nectar. In that land, all speech is song, and all walking is dancing.

An expansion of this Vrindavana, which is the supreme abode of Krishna, is also present on this earth, and superior devotees worship this place as the supreme abode. However, no one can appreciate Vrindavana without being highly elevated in spiritualknowledge. According to our ordinary experience, Vrindavana appears to be just likean ordinary village, but in the eyes of a highly elevated devotee, it is as good as the original Vrindavana. The human form of life is meant for understanding this transcendental land of Vrindavana, and one who is fortunate should cultivate knowledge of Vrindavana and its residents.

Qualification and the medium to enter the Holy dhama
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura has given an example of what one can feel while performing parikrama of a dhama, “When Lord Nityananda took Jiva Gosvami for a Navadvipa parikrama, it was a real transcendental experience. While having kirtana, they were dancing, rolling on the ground and crying in ecstasy. Sometimes, Lord Caitanya appeared with all His associates.”

One cannot enter into the dhama just by buying a ticket or by physical presence. One has to be qualified by the purity of the heart and must always carry the right mood. The right mood is to pray to the Holy dhama, pray to the saintly persons residing there to bestow their blessings, to reveal and to share the transcendental nature of the Holy dhama with us. That means even if one is not present there physically, one can enter Vrindavana. The real ticket to Vrindavana dhama is the sound vibration and one should receive those vibrations with a humble heart.”

Vraja Mandala

Rare opportunity to associate with pure sound vibrations:
The entirety of transcendental knowledge is accessed by hearing the name and praise of the Lord in association with like-minded souls. This enhances transcendental affection for Krishna.” In Srimad Bhagavatam (4.20.24), Maharaja Prthu prays, “My dear Lord, I want the benediction of at least one million ears, for thus I may be able to hear about the glories of Your lotus feet from the mouths of Your pure devotees.”

Sri Vraja-mandala Parikrama

Srimad-Bhagavatam(10.21.10)
Vrindavanam sakhibhuvovitanotikirtim
yaddevaki-suta-padambuja-labdha-laksmi
govinda-venumanumatta-mayura-nrtyam
preksyadri-sanv-avaratanya-samasta-sattvam

“O sakhi, the fame of the earth is enhanced, having been decorated with the marks of Sri Krishna’s lotus feet. Upon hearing Krishna’s flute song, peacocks take it to be thunder of clouds and becoming intoxicated, begin to dance. When the other animals in the meadows of Govardhana see this, they are mesmerized. Thus, the presence of Sri Vrindavana on earth makes this planet even more glorious than Vaikuntha.”

Vraja-mandala extends for about 168 miles (84 kosas).

Garga-samhita (khanda 2) states:
pragudicyambahirsado
daksinasyamyadohpurat
pascimayamsonitapuran
mathurammandalamviduh

“That land between Bahirsad (Barhada) in the north-east,Yadupura (the village Batesvara of Surasena) in the south and Sonitpura (Sonhada) in the west, which measures 84 kosas, has been called Mathura-mandala or Vraja, bylearned persons.”

Bara is situated in the present district of Aligarh in the north-east corner of Vraja-mandala. Sonhada is located in the district of Gurgaon in the state of Harayana, which is in the north-west corner of Vraja mandala. Its ancient name is Sonitpura. The village of Surasena is the village of Batesvara in the revenue district of Baha. The area between these places is called Vraja-mandala.

The borders of Vraja-mandala are also mentioned in the Brahmanda Purana. According to this Purana, Hasyavana lies in the east of Vraja-mandala, Janhuvana in the south, Parvatavanain in the west and Suryapattanavana in the north. Corresponding to this description, Hasanagadha of the Agra district, which lies in the east, is known as Hasyavana; in the west, Bahadi-grama near Kamyavana in Rajasthana is known as Parvatavana; in the south, Jajau-grama of the Dhaulapura revenue district is famous as Janhu and in the north, near Jevara-grama of the Aligarh district, lies Suryapattanavana.

In the eighty-four kosas of Vraja-mandala, there are 48 forests (vanas), which include upavanas (sub-forests), prativanas and adhivanas. According to the Padma Purana, there are 12 principal forests situated east and west of the Yamuna.

These are (1) Mahavana, (2) Kamyavana, (3) Madhuvana, (4) Talavana, (5) Kumudavana, (6) Bhandiravana, (7) Vrindavana, (8) Khadiravana, (9) Lohavana, (10) Bhadravana, (11) Bahulavana and (12) Baelvana. Of these 12 forests, seven lie on the west of the Yamuna – Madhuvana, Talavana, Kumudavana, Bahulavana, Kamyavana, Khadiravana and Vrindavana. The remaining five – Bhadravana, Bhandirvana, Baelvana, Lohavana and Mahavana – are situated on the eastern side of the Yamuna.

The Varaha Purana mentions 12 upavanas: (1) Brahmavana, (2) Apsaravana, (3) Vihvalavana, (4) Kadambavana, (5) Svarnavana, (6) Surabhivana, (7) Premavana, (8) Mayuravana, (9) Manengitavana, (10) Sesasayivana, (11) Naradavana and (12) Paramanandavana.

The Bhavisya Purana mentions the following 12 prativanas: (1) Rankavana, (2) Varttavana, (3) Karahavana, (4) Kamavana, (5) Anjanavana, (6) Karnavana, (7) Krishnaksipanavana, (8) Nandapreksana Krishnavana, (9) Indravana, (10) Siksavana, (11) Candravalivana and (12) Lohavana.

Finally, the Visnu Purana describes the following 12 adhivanas: (1) Mathura, (2) Radha-kunda, (3) Nandagaon, (4) Gadha, (5) Lalita-grama, (6) Vrsabhanupura, (7) Gokula, (8) Balabhadravana, (9) Govardhana, (10) Javata, (11) Vrindavana and (12) Sanketvana. This adds up to a total of 48 forests.

Vraj Mandal Parikrama (Vrindavan)

Vraja-Mandala-Dhama

Vraj Mandal Parikrama covers the parts of Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan spread over 84 kilometres (168 miles) around the city of Mathura. It is the pastime place of Sri Sri Radha Krishna and their associates. Whenever “Svayam Bhagvan” Sri Krishna descends to this material plane, He brings His abode, His associates and other paraphernalia along with Him. Therefore Sri Vraja is non different from Sri Golok Vrindavan where He actually resides.

Talvan

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In the Talvan forest, Balarama killed Dhenukasura. There is a beautiful Deity of Balarama (3 feet tall) and His consort, Srimati Revati, here in a small temple next to the lake called Sankarsana-Kunda. The parikrama of this forest is 6 km (3 miles). There is a festival to celebrate Balarama killing Dhenukasura in the month of June-July (the bright half of Bhadra).This forest used to be filled with palm trees and was therefore given the name TaIa. Now there are only a few palm trees left. They are located near the Balarama temple.

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How to reach here: This forest is 9 km (6 miles) west of Mathura. If you are driving from Vrindavana, you get on the main Delhi-Agra road (Mathura bye-pass road) going towards Agra. You drive about 20 minutes on the road until you reach the Mathura to Bharatpur road. You make a right and drive about 4 km. about an eight minute drive, until you reach the village of Talvan. You make a right into the village of Talvan, going over some railway tracks. You drive past the small village here (30 seconds) and Sankarsana-Kunda is in front of you. The temple is on the right side of the kunda.

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Killing of Dhenukasura

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His most intimate friends Sridama, Subala and Stokakrishna began to address Krishna and Balarama with great love and affection ‘Dear Balarama, You are very powerful; Your arms are very strong. Dear Krishna, You are very expert in killing all kinds of disturbing demons. Will You kindly note that just near this place there is a big forest of the name Talvan. This forest is full of palm trees, and all the trees are filled with fruits. Dear Krishna and Balarama, this demon is present there in the form of an ass, and he is surrounded by similar demon friends who assume the same shape. All of them are very strong, so it is very difficult to approach this place. Dear brothers, you are the only persons who can kill such demons. Other than you, no one can go there for fear of being killed. Not even animals go there, and no birds are sleeping there; they have all left. One can only appreciate the sweet aroma that is coming from the place. It appears that till now, no one has tasted the sweet fruits there, either on the tree or on the ground. Dear Krishna, to tell You frankly, we are very attracted by this sweet aroma. Dear Balarama, let us all go there and enjoy these fruits. The aroma of the fruits is now spread everywhere. Don’t you smell it from here?”

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“When Balarama and Krishna were thus petitioned by Their smiling intimate friends. They were inclined to please them, and They began to proceed towards the forest, surrounded by all Their friends. Immediately upon entering the Talvan forest, Balarama began to yank the trees with His arms, exhibiting the strength of an elephant. Because of this jerking, all the ripe fruits fell down on the ground.

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Upon hearing the sound of the falling fruits, the demon Dhenukasura, who was living there in the form of an ass, began to approach with great force, shaking the whole field so that all the trees began to move as if there were an earthquake. The demon appeared first before Balarama and began to kick His chest with his hind legs. At first, Balarama did not say anything, but the demon with great anger began to kick Him again more vehemently. This time Balarama immediately caught hold of the legs of the ass with one hand and wheeling him around threw him into the treetops. While he was being wheeled around by Balarama, the demon lost his life. Balarama threw the demon into the biggest palm tree which then fell upon other trees, and several fell down. It appeared as if a great hurricane had passed through the forest, and all the trees were falling down, one after another. This exhibition of extraordinary strength is not astonishing because Balarama is the Personality of Godhead known as Ananta Sesanaga, who is holding all the planets on the hoods of His millions of heads. The whole cosmic manifestation is maintained by Him exactly as two threads hold the weaving of a cloth.

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“After the demon was thrown into the trees, all the friends and associates of Dhenukasura immediately assembled and attacked Balarama and Krishna with great force. They were determined to retaliate and avenge the death of their friend. But Krishna and Balarama began to catch each of the asses by the hind legs and, exactly in the same way, wheel them around. Thus they killed all of them by throwing them into the palm trees. ‘Because of the dead bodies of the asses, there was a panoramic scene. It appeared as if clouds of various colors were assembled in the trees”. (Krishna Book, Chap. 15).

Shandilya Muni Describes Vrajabhumi to Vajranabh.

Shandilya Muni Describes Vrajabhumi to Vajranabh.

Shri Vyasadeva said: In order to relish the mellows of devotional service, we continually offer our obeisances unto Lord Shri Krishna, whose eternal form is full of knowledge and bliss. He is supremely enchanting and the essence of all that is beautiful. He always showers unlimited happiness on the living entities by attracting them with the qualities of His beauty and sweetness. He is the cause of the creation, maintenance, and annihilation of innumerable universes.

The sages of Naimisharanya headed by Shaunaka, who are expert in relishing the nectarean topics of Shrimad-Bhagavatam, offered obeisances and asked the following question to Shri Suta Gosvami, who possesses all knowledge.

Shaunaka said: O best of the sages, after the great King Yudhishthira installed Shri Vajranabha (the grandson of Pradyumna) at Mathura, and Parikshit (his own grandson) at Hastinapura and then left to go back to Godhead, what did King Vajranabha and Maharaja Parikshit do?

Shrila Suta Gosvami said: Before reciting this Shrimad-Bhagavatam, which is the very means of conquest, one should offer respectful obeisances unto the Personality of Godhead, Narayana, unto Nara-narayana Rishi, the supermost human being, unto mother Sarasvati, the goddess of learning, and unto Shrila Vyasadeva, the author.

O great sages headed by Shaunaka, after Yudhishthira went back to Godhead, Maharaja Parikshit, desiring to see Vajranabha, went to Mathura.

Vajranabha’s heart was filled with affection when he heard that Maharaja Parikshit, who was equal to his own father, was coming to see him. He went out of the city, fell at Maharaja Parikshit’s feet, and then brought him to his palace.

The great hero Maharaja Parikshit, who was always absorbed in thoughts of Lord Krishna, lovingly embraced Vajranabha. They entered the inner palace and offered obeisances to Rukmini, the chief of Lord Krishna’s one hundred and eight wives.

The wives welcomed the King according to custom. Maharaja Parikshit then happily sat on a comfortable seat, and after resting a while he spoke to Vajranabha.

Maharaja Parikshit said: Dear Vajranabha! Your father and grandfather saved my father and grandfather from great dangers. I was also fully protected by your great-grandfather, Lord Krishna. Even if I wanted to repay their kindness, I would never be able to. Therefore I humbly request you to happily engage your subordinates in the affairs of the state. You should never worry about protecting your treasury, expanding your army, or subduing your enemies. Simply engage yourself in the service of your mothers.

Please tell me what is the cause of your distress and rest assured that I will dispel all your troubles.

Hearing Maharaja Parikshit’s words, Vajranabha was greatly pleased and he replied:

Maharaja! Whatever you have told me is quite proper. Your father has greatly obliged me by instructing me in the science of archery. Therefore I have not even the slightest worry. By his mercy, I have become expert in the military science of the kshatriyas. I have only one problem. Please consider it.

Although I’ve been installed as the King of Mathura, I feel like I am living in a secluded forest. The happiness of a kingdom is due to the people that live there, and I have no idea where the residents of this place have gone.

Hearing Vajranabha’s words, Maharaja Parikshit called for Shandilya Rishi in order to clear Vajranabha’s doubts. Shandilya Rishi had previously acted as the priest for Nanda Maharaja and the cowherd men. When Shandilya Rishi received the message from Parikshit Maharaja, he left his ashrama and came before the kings. Vajranabha welcomed the best of sages with the proper ceremonies and had sit him on an elevated seat. Parikshit Maharaja told Shandilya Rishi everything that Vajranabha had just said. The sage affectionately comforted them with the following words.

Shandilya Rishi said: Dear Parikshit and Vajranabha! I will tell you the secret of Vrajabhumi. Listen carefully. The meaning of the word “Vraja” is all-pervasive. According to ancient opinions, this land is named Vraja because it is all-pervasive. This land is an all-pervasive spiritual manifestation, situated beyond the three modes of material nature. Therefore this is called Vraja. This land is ever-blissful, effulgent, indestructible, and the abode of liberated souls. Dear kings, in this land of Vraja the self-realized souls and devotees, who relish love of God, constantly experience Krishna, whose form is sac-cid-ananda. Srimati Radhika, the daughter of Maharaja Vrishabhanu, is like the atma of Lord Shri Krishna, the son of Nanda Maharaja. She eternally enjoys pastimes with Krishna, and therefore the devotees expert in enjoying transcendental mellows call Krishna atmarama. The meaning of the word kama is desire. In Vraja, Krishna’s only desire is to engage in pastimes with the cows, and the cowherd boys and girls. Because He always achieves the fulfillment of this desire, He is called aptakama. These pastimes of the Lord are beyond material nature. Whenever the Lord enjoys His pastimes in this world, even ordinary people are benefited. The creation, maintenance, and annihilation of the material world are carried out respectively by the qualities of passion, goodness, and ignorance. In this way, two types of pastimes of Govinda-transcendental and ordinary-are manifested. His transcendental pastimes are self-evident. This means that these pastimes are relished in Vraja by Shri Krishna, the topmost expert in loving exchanges. The ordinary pastimes consist of delivering the fallen souls and minimizing the burden of the earth in Vraja, Mathura, and Dvaraka. There cannot be ordinary pastimes without transcendental pastimes. Ordinary pastimes have no entrance into the transcendental pastimes. The pastimes experienced by two of you are ordinary pastimes. The jurisdiction of the ordinary pastimes stretches from this planet up to the heavenly planets, and Mathura-mandala is situated within this planet. The famous Vrajabhumi is situated in this area, and the Lord’s confidential pastimes are enacted here. Sometimes these pastimes are manifested to the devotees whose hearts are filled with devotion. At the end of the Dvapara-yuga in the twenty-eighth yuga cycle, when the Lord’s associates who are qualified in the conjugal relationship assemble together, the Lord and His intimate associates descend, just as He recently enacted here. In this way the Lord incarnates who He desires to relish His pastimes with His intimate associates. At that time all the demigods and other devotees also incarnate with the Lord.

In these pastimes there were three kinds of devotees present. There is no doubt about it. Of these three kinds of devotees, the first are the Lord’s intimate eternal associates, the second are those aspiring to become eternal associates, and the third are the demigods and their expansions whom the Lord has previously sent to Dvaraka.

Now the demigods who had appeared as Yadavas have been sent by the Lord back to their duties in the heavenly planets through the brahmana’s curse in the Lord’s mausala-lila. And the Lord awarded spiritual forms to the devotees who aspired to become His eternal associates. The Lord then brought these devotees together with His intimate eternal associates of the vastavi, spiritual pastimes and they thus disappeared from the vision of the ordinary people.

Therefore, common people, who are situated in the vyavaharika pastimes, are unqualified to enter the Lord’s eternal pastimes and see the eternal associates of the vastavi pastimes. That is why this place appears to be devoid of people.

Therefore Vajranabha, you should not worry in the least. By following my instructions and establishing many towns here, you will fulfill all your desires. Wherever Lord Krishna has performed His pastimes you should establish towns named after the particular pastime that was performed at that place. In this way you can render very nice service to the transcendental land of Vraja.

Establish your domain at Govardhana, Dirghapura (Deeg), Mathura, Mahavana, Nandagrama (Nandagaon), and Brihatsanu (Varshana). Reside in these pastime sites of Lord Krishna and engage in the service of the rivers, mountains, kundas, lakes, and kunjas of Vraja. By doing so you will be happy and the citizens of your kingdom will prosper. This eternal, cognizant, blissful land of Vraja should be served by you by all efforts. By my blessings you will properly identify all of the places of Lord Krishna’s pastimes. O Vajranabha, by continually serving Vraja in this way, one day you will meet Shri Uddhava. Then he will instruct you and your mothers in the mysteries of Vraja and the pastimes of the Lord.”

After Shandilya, the best of the rishis, instructing Vajranabha and Parikshit returned to his ashrama while remembering Lord Krishna. Parikshit and Vajranabha felt great ecstasy after hearing his instructions.

The sages said: O Suta Gosvami, please tell us what Maharaja Parikshit and King Vajranabha did after the best of the munis, Shandilya, returned to his ashrama.

Shrila Suta Gosvami said: Maharaja Parikshit brought thousands of prominent brahmanas and kshatriyas from Indraprastha and repopulated Mathura.

Maharaja Parikshit gave respect to the brahmanas and monkeys who were already residing there because he understood they are dear to the Lord. With the help of Maharaja Parikshit and by the mercy of Shandilya Rishi, Vajranabha gradually searched out the sites where Krishna had enjoyed pastimes with His beloved cowherd boyfriends and girlfriends. After properly ascertaining the pastime site, he named the site according to the pastime that was performed there. He thus established and named various towns, kundas, wells, kunjas, and gardens, and he established many Shiva temples. He established Deities of the Lord such as Govindadeva and Harideva, and his entire kingdom became blissful because devotion to Lord Krishna was preached everywhere. The citizens always engaged in glorifying Lord Krishna and thus merged in an ocean of bliss, they praised the rule of King Vajranabha.